Yunanca\u2019dan gelme (demo=halk ve kratos= g\u00fc\u00e7) kelimelerinin birle\u015fmesinden t\u00fcremi\u015f olup, \u201cg\u00fcc\u00fcn halk\u0131n elinde olmas\u0131\u201d demektir. Demokrasi bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi ile, \u00f6zel bir toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n y\u00f6netimi elinde tuttu\u011fu \u201coligar\u015fi \u201d den ve bir tek ki\u015finin y\u00f6netimi elinde tuttu\u011fu \u201cdiktat\u00f6rl\u00fck\u201d ve \u201cmonar\u015fi\u201d den ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir ifadeyle, demokrasi e\u015fitlik ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck temeline dayan\u0131r ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletlerin \u201c\u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Evrensel Bildirgesi\u201d ile bu haklar, g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nDo\u011frudan demokraside, eski Yunan Sitelerinde oldu\u011fu gibi, b\u00fct\u00fcn halk topluca oy kullanarak yasalar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Dolayl\u0131 demokraside ise, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkede ve \u00dclkemizde oldu\u011fu gibi, yurtta\u015flar kendilerini y\u00f6netimde temsil edecek bir \u201cmeclis\u201d se\u00e7erler.<\/p>\n
Se\u00e7imler, halk\u0131n temsilcilerini se\u00e7mesine olanak vermekle birlikte, iradesini devretti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez. Se\u00e7menin oyunu kullan\u0131rken bunu kendi bencil \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 koruma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde de\u011fil, ki\u015fisel nitelikleriyle g\u00fcven veren bir aday\u0131 se\u00e7me y\u00f6n\u00fcnde yapmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011fu gibi, se\u00e7ilen ki\u015fi de kendini, bir \u00e7\u0131kar grubunun vekili de\u011fil, toplumun iyili\u011fi i\u00e7in yasalar yapmakla g\u00f6revli bir yurtta\u015f olarak g\u00f6rmelidir.<\/p>\n
Halk\u0131n se\u00e7ti\u011fi temsilcilerin, olabilecek en iyi siyaset do\u011frultusunda birle\u015fmeleri beklenemez. Bu nedenle temsilciler aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131 e\u011filimler belirir; farkl\u0131 e\u011filimli ki\u015filer de siyasal partiler bi\u00e7iminde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenir. Siyasal partilerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerde \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, se\u00e7ilenlerin kamuoyu ile daha s\u0131k\u0131 ili\u015fkide olmalar\u0131n\u0131 ve meclis \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yapabilmelerini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Bir \u00fclkede uygulanan se\u00e7im sistemi ve siyasi partiler yasas\u0131 ile demokrasi aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok yak\u0131n ili\u015fki vard\u0131r. Se\u00e7imler, halk\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun hangi partiyi iktidarda g\u00f6rmek istedi\u011fini belirler. Se\u00e7im sistemlerinde, partilerin ald\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclke genelindeki oy oran\u0131yla ilgili baraj konulmas\u0131, halk\u0131n serbest iradesine ve demokrasinin \u201ce\u015fitlik ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u201d kurallar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r. \u201c\u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Evrensel Bildirgesi\u201dnin 21.maddesine g\u00f6re; 1-Herkesin, do\u011frudan do\u011fruya veya \u00f6zg\u00fcrce se\u00e7ilen temsilciler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, \u00fclkesinin kamu i\u015flerinin y\u00f6netimine kat\u0131lma hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. 2-Herkes \u00fclkesindeki kamu hizmetlerinde e\u015fit ko\u015fullar i\u00e7inde g\u00f6rev alma hakk\u0131na sahiptir. 3-Kamu iktidar\u0131n\u0131n otoritesi, halk\u0131n iradesine dayan\u0131r. Bu irade, d\u00fcr\u00fcst se\u00e7imle belirlenmeli ve bu se\u00e7imler e\u015fitli\u011fe dayanan genel se\u00e7imle ve gizli oyla veya oylama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flayacak herhangi bir ba\u015fka y\u00f6ntemle, d\u00f6nemsel olarak yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Benzer \u015fekilde, parti \u00fcyeleri de, parti i\u00e7i adil ve \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir se\u00e7imle partiyi ve \u00fclkeyi y\u00f6netme hakk\u0131na sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Halk kendi siyasi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne yak\u0131n olan parti i\u00e7inde kendini ifade edemiyorsa ve y\u00f6netimine demokratik yollarla gelemiyorsa, partisinden so\u011fuyup deste\u011fini \u00e7ekece\u011fi gibi, -oy vermeme de dahil- ba\u015fka bir siyasi partiyi de deneyecektir. Halk\u0131n, genelde \u00fclkemizdeki t\u00fcm partilere \u00f6zelde ise Cumhuriyet Halk Partisine kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k oran\u0131ndaki giderek d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn ger\u00e7ek sebebi budur.<\/p>\n
Yerel Y\u00f6netimler (Belediyeler) do\u011frudan halk\u0131n temsilcilerinden olu\u015ftu\u011fu zaman, halk\u0131n iradesi (egemenli\u011fi) veya demokrasi tam olarak sa\u011flan\u0131r. Ancak, siyasi partilerde parti i\u00e7i demokrasi yoksa ve se\u00e7im sistemi halk\u0131n adaletli bir \u015fekilde temsilini engellemeye y\u00f6nelik ise, belediye meclisleri belli bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n (oligar\u015finin) eline ge\u00e7mi\u015f olur ve meclisten \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan kararlar, halk\u0131n de\u011fil o oligar\u015fi s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 koruyucu nitelikte olaca\u011f\u0131ndan, demokrasiden bahsedilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
Bug\u00fcn T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de g\u00fcndemin \u00fcst s\u0131ralar\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fma konular\u0131ndan biri de; demokrasiyi geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in, halk\u0131n yerel y\u00f6netim bilincinin nas\u0131l art\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fidir. Merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmetler, merkeze olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 yoluyla yerel y\u00f6netimlerin daha demokratik hale geleceklerinin bilincinde olmakla beraber, belediyelerin kendi sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6re halk\u0131yla payla\u015fmadaki isteksizliklerinin de fark\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yerel y\u00f6netimler (belediyeler), se\u00e7ilmi\u015f eyalet y\u00f6netimleri gibi davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, halk\u0131n demokratik kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve daha saydam bir yerel y\u00f6netim, kolayca ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Yunanca\u2019dan gelme (demo=halk ve kratos= g\u00fc\u00e7) kelimelerinin birle\u015fmesinden t\u00fcremi\u015f olup, \u201cg\u00fcc\u00fcn halk\u0131n elinde olmas\u0131\u201d demektir. Demokrasi bu \u00f6zelli\u011fi ile, \u00f6zel bir toplumsal s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n y\u00f6netimi elinde tuttu\u011fu \u201coligar\u015fi \u201d den ve bir tek ki\u015finin y\u00f6netimi elinde tuttu\u011fu \u201cdiktat\u00f6rl\u00fck\u201d ve \u201cmonar\u015fi\u201d den ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Di\u011fer bir ifadeyle, demokrasi e\u015fitlik ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck temeline dayan\u0131r ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletlerin \u201c\u0130nsan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4553","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chptabanhareketi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4553","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chptabanhareketi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chptabanhareketi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chptabanhareketi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chptabanhareketi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4553"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.chptabanhareketi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4553\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4747,"href":"https:\/\/www.chptabanhareketi.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4553\/revisions\/4747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chptabanhareketi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4553"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chptabanhareketi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4553"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chptabanhareketi.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4553"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}